Fig. 11

Phylogenetic analyses of larval locomotion in the genus Drosophila. A Phylogenetic tree estimated from Bayesian inference. The topology was inferred by coding sequences of eight genes of the 11 Drosophila species. As a prior distribution for the Bayesian inference, an uncorrelated exponential (UCED) relaxed-clock model was used. The colour and the value of each branch denoted the relative rate of the evolution of the eight kinematic traits. B Relative evolution rates of the eight kinematics traits estimated by the Bayesian inference. The mean ± 95% highest posterior density was shown. C Correlation between the evolution of eight traits. Numbers represented the range of the 95% highest posterior density. Abbreviations in B and C were as follows: Spd24, crawling speed at 24 °C; Spd32, crawling speed at 32 °C; Spd40, crawling speed at 40 °C; Bend24, bend probability at 24 °C; Bend32, bend probability at 32 °C; Bend40, bend probability at 40 °C; Bwd, probability of backward crawling; Length, axial body length of larvae