Fig. 7
A Molecular phylogenetic reconstruction of kunitz toxins. The convergent evolution of coagulotoxins is shaded in red, while the convergent evolution of neurotoxins is highlighted in blue. TCX = taicatoxin. DTX = Dendrotoxin. BTX-b = β-bungarotoxins (characterised by the presence of a novel cysteine as per Fig. 7B). Additional Files contain sequence alignment used for constructing phylogenetic tree (Additional file 14), tree output file (Additional file 15), and zoomable high-resolution tree image (Additional file 16). B Sequence alignment of representative derived neurotoxic forms of kunitz peptides. Shown are Dendroaspis KV1.1 voltage-gated potassium channel blocking dendrotoxins; Micrurus acid-sensing ion channel ASIC1 activating MitTx; Oxyuranus cardiac voltage-dependent L-type calcium channels (CaV) blocking taicatoxin; and Bungarus voltage-gated potassium channels (KV) blocking bungarotoxins. The convergent evolution of inter-chain cysteines in the Bungarus sequences are indicated by different highlight colours