Fig. 1

ΔmtDNA reduces the fitness of fzo-1(mut) animals. A Establishing fzo-1 mutant and wild type heteroplasmic lines. Heteroplasmic hermaphrodites carrying intact and truncated mtDNA [uaDf5/+] were crossed with fzo-1(tm1133) heterozygotes males, fzo-1(ht). Cross progeny F1 were allowed to self-propagate. Single F2 animals were isolated, allowed to lay eggs, and their genotypes were determined using a single worm PCR. Heteroplasmic (+/ΔmtDNA) mutant (mut) or wild type (wt) fzo-1 progeny were then monitored. B The percent of hatched embryos of parental strains: N2 (WT; N = 13, n = 869), +/ΔmtDNA (N = 7, n = 265) and fzo-1(mut) (N = 13, n = 386), of fzo-1(ht);+/ΔmtDNA animals (N = 5, n = 152) and of mutant, fzo-1(mut);+/ΔmtDNA (N = 7, n = 236) or wild type fzo-1(wt);+/ΔmtDNA (N = 4, n = 104) cross progeny. Data are means ± 1 standard error of the mean (1SE). Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by a Tukey’s post hoc test. (*) denotes P < 0.05 and (**) denotes P < 0.001 compared with WT animals. C The percent of gravid adults six days after egg laying of parental strains: N2 (WT) (N = 5, n = 114), +/ΔmtDNA (N = 9, n = 232) and fzo-1(mut) (N = 4, n = 278), of fzo-1(ht);+/ΔmtDNA animals (N = 5, n = 69), and of mutant, fzo-1(mut);+/ΔmtDNA (N = 4, n = 152) or wild type fzo-1(wt);+/ΔmtDNA (N = 5, n = 245) cross progeny. Data are means ±1 standard error of the mean (1SE). Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by a Tukey’s post hoc test. (**) denotes P < 0.001 compared with WT animals. Individual data values are presented in Additional file 2