Fig. 6

Reproduction of optogenetic experiments by the mathematical model. A A schematic of two segments in the mathematical models. B Activity of excitatory (solid lines) and inhibitory neurons (dotted lines) in A8–T2 segments by the model without optogenetic perturbation. C Traces of segment length in (B). Dotted lines denote the equilibrium length of the segments. A time period of 3.5–4.5 s is shaded to compare with (F) and (I). D A schematic of optogenetic silencing of excitatory neurons in a single segment shown by a blue disk. E Neural activity with the optogenetic silencing of excitatory neurons. Excitatory neurons in the A3 segment were silenced for 2 s, marked by a blue bar. Waves were arrested after the optogenetic silencing. F Traces of segment length in (E). Dotted lines denote the equilibrium length of the segments. In the later phase of the optogenetic silencing (the shaded region), the length of all the segments returned to the equilibrium length. G A schematic of optogenetic activation of inhibitory neurons in a single segment shown by a red disk. H Neural activity with the optogenetic activation of inhibitory neurons. Inhibitory neurons in the A3 segment were activated for 2 s, marked by a red bar. Waves were arrested after the optogenetic activation. I Traces of segment length in (H). Dotted lines denote the equilibrium length of the segments. In the later phase of the optogenetic activation of inhibitory neurons (the shaded region), the length of all the segments returned to the equilibrium length. Plot colours in B, C, E, F, H, and I correspond to those in Fig. 1F