Fig. 1

A DNA replication in human cells. Polymerase ε synthesizes the leading strand while polymerase δ is responsible for the synthesis of the lagging strand [28]. Both polymerases start the synthesis from the replication origin (ORI) after replication is initiated by the origin recognition complex (ORC). Damage in the exonuclease domain of polymerase ε leads to an increased mutation rate with a preference for C→A mutation in the TxT context, observed as TCT->TAT, in the newly replicated strand. This creates an asymmetric pattern of TCT>TAT and AGA>ATA in the vicinity of replication origins. B Diagram of the two-stage ORI detection method (mORI), based on the PMA score