Fig. 3

Expression differentiation of gene families in the common house spider venom glands and silk glands. Our results clarified that expression divergences of gene duplication events (including TFs) are common in venom and silk glands. a Venn diagram of specifically expressed orthogroups in spider venom and silk glands. The orthogroup in which a specifically expressed gene is located is considered to be specifically expressed. A total of 358 and 862 gene orthogroups were specifically expressed in the venom and silk glands, respectively, with 79 orthogroups shared between both tissue types. b TF orthogroups shared between the venom and silk glands showing expansions in spiders. P-values indicate significant differences in gene numbers (Mann‒Whitney U test). c Relative expression abundances of specifically expressed toxin paralogs in the venom and silk glands. d Nine TFs showing high module membership with the toxin gene CRISP-3. These genes were specifically expressed in spider venom glands. Line thicknesses indicate the interaction strengths. Six genes labeled red represent the upregulation in the venom glands. e Six upregulated TFs associated with the toxin gene CRISP-3. Boxes show the range, upper and lower quartiles, and median. HOX domain, TFs containing the HOX domain; ASH1, achaete-scute homolog 1; Zfp65, zinc finger 65; AITX, kappaPI-actitoxin-Avd3c; PLA2, phospholipase A2; SjAPI, venom peptide SjAPI; CRISPs, cysteine-rich secretory proteins; CRISP-3, cysteine-rich secretory protein 3; Lbx1, transcription factor LBX1; NKX2-6, homeobox protein Nkx-2.6; PHOX2, paired mesoderm homeobox protein 2; pok, ets DNA-binding protein pokkuri; SOBP, sine oculis-binding protein homolog; Sox4, SRY-Box transcription factor 4; Thrb, thyroid hormone receptor beta-A; XlCGF17.1, gastrula zinc finger protein XlCGF17.1; Zasp, PDZ and LIM domain protein Zasp