Fig. 4

Rsrc1-161aa modulates mitochondrial function. a Total ATP levels in wild-type, Rsrc1^+/+/circRsrc1^−/− and rescue cells (n = 3). b Basal and maximal OCRs in wild-type, Rsrc1^+/+/circRsrc1^−/− and rescue cells estimated by the XF96 extracellular flux analyzer (n = 3). c Basal and maximal ECARs in wild-type, Rsrc1^+/+/circRsrc1^−/− and rescue cells estimated by the XF96 extracellular flux analyzer (n = 3). d Total ATP levels in wild-type and Rsrc1^+/+/circRsrc1^−/− mice sperm (n = 3). e Basal and maxim OCRs in wild-type and Rsrc1^+/+/circRsrc1^−/− mice sperm (n = 3). f Extracellular pH value in wild-type and Rsrc1^+/+/circRsrc1^−/− mice sperm (n = 3). g PDH activity in wild-type, Rsrc1^+/+/circRsrc1^−/− and rescue cells (n = 3). h LDH activity in wild-type, Rsrc1^+/+/circRsrc1^−/− and rescue cells (n = 3). i PDH activity in wild-type and Rsrc1^+/+/circRsrc1^−/− mice sperm (n = 3). j,k LDHC content and activity in wild-type and Rsrc1^+/+/circRsrc1^−/− mice sperm (n = 3). l Lactate levels were measured in sperm extracts from wild-type and Rsrc1^+/+/circRsrc1^−/− mice after 0, 1, and 2 h of incubation in m-TH (n = 5). m Sperm basal lactate production rate in wild-type and Rsrc1^+/+/circRsrc1^−/.⁻ mice (n = 5). All data are means ± SEM. When performing statistical tests between two groups of data, tested using a two-tailed unpaired t-test. When performing statistical tests between three or more groups of data, tested using one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc analysis. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001