Fig. 3

Comparison of the working models of MO and NgAgo. A Schematic diagram of morpholino oligonucleotide (MO)-induced fignl2 knockdown causing aberrant splicing. B MO but not NgAgo treatment resulted in a change in the size of the fignl2 RT‒PCR amplicon. The red arrow indicates the size of the PCR-amplified fragment. Control amplicon: 537 bp, amplicon from aberrant mRNA resulting from MO function: 503 bp. C MO treatment resulted in a 34-bp deletion in fignl2 mRNA. No splicing changes were observed after NgAgo treatment. D Schematic diagram of NgAgo/gDNA targeting fignl2 in exon 2. E fignl2 mRNA level of 24 hpf embryos treated with NgAgo and gDNAs in (A) and (D). n = 3. F NgAgo-gDNA targeted to exon-exon boundaries reduced mRNA levels. n = 3. G NgAgo-gDNA targeted to intronic regions reduced mRNA levels. n = 3. The qRT‒PCR experiments were performed biologically three times. The bars display mean ± se. Student’s t test was performed and the ** and * indicate the difference compared to control is statistically significant (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively)