Fig. 9

Cholinergic cells in the adult amphioxus brain accumulate dorsally in the Joseph cells mantle. a, b Distribution of cholinergic cells in one-gill-slit embryos (1GS) and in adult brains (c, d, c’, d’), detected by in situ hybridisation of VAchT in whole mount preparations and paraffin sections respectively. a, b In embryos, the only cholinergic cells detected are located in the neural tube. c, d, c’, d’ In adult brains, we found no ventral cholinergic cells. All scale bars are 20μm. Colour code: red, VAchT; green, neuropil and intraventricular cilia (acetylated tubulin); blue/cyan, nuclear staining (Dapi). Abbreviation: np, neuropore