Fig. 8
From: The velvet worm brain unveils homologies and evolutionary novelties across panarthropods
Organisation of olfactory and glomerular structures in E. rowelli. Three-dimensional reconstruction based on anti-synapsin immunolabelling (a) and horizontal optical sections of confocal micrographs of brains stained for synapsin (b) and acetylated α-tubulin (c–f). Anterior is up in all images. a, b Olfactory fascicles 1–3 adjacent to mushroom body’s lobes. Olfactory fascicle 4 connects to v- and δ-lobe (see Additional file 10: Data S5 and Additional file 11: Data S6). a–d Size and arrangement of olfactory glomeruli (a and c). Note their similar size and presence of a macroglomerulus. e, f Cap-like arrangement of microglomeruli anterior to olfactory glomeruli. ANP, antennal neuropil; CBR, cell body rind; δ, dorsal or δ-lobe of mushroom body; FB, frontal body; λ, lateral or λ-lobe of mushroom body; LO, lobes of mushroom body; MG, macroglomerulus; MIG, microglomeruli; μ, median or μ-lobe of mushroom body; OLF 1, OLF 2, OLF 3, OLF 4, olfactory fascicle 1 to 4; OLG, olfactory glomerulus; OLL, olfactory lobe; ONP, optic neuropil; v, ventral or v-lobe of mushroom body. Scale bars: 50 μm (b and c) and 20 μm (d–f)