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The identification of cell type-specific genes and their modification under different conditions is central to our understanding of human health and disease. The stomach, a hollow organ in the upper gastrointe...
Viviparity—live birth—is a complex and innovative mode of reproduction that has evolved repeatedly across the vertebrate Tree of Life. Viviparous species exhibit remarkable levels of reproductive diversity, bo...
Ribosomal protein SA (RPSA) of human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs) can transfer from the cytosol to the cell surface and act as a receptor for some pathogens, including Streptococcus suis serotyp...
The availability of fluorescent proteins to visualize neurons and synapses has revolutionized our understanding of these key structures in brains. Here, I will discuss the new insights gleaned from the use of ...
The duck (Anas platyrhynchos) is one of the principal natural hosts of influenza A virus (IAV), harbors almost all subtypes of IAVs and resists to many IAVs which cause extreme virulence in chicken and human. ...
Despite the increasing number of epigenomic studies in plants, little is known about the forces that shape the methylome in long-lived woody perennials. The Lombardy poplar offers an ideal opportunity to inves...
Cyclic Nucleotide-Binding Domain (CNBD)-family channels display distinct voltage-sensing properties despite sharing sequence and structural similarity. For example, the human Ether-a-go-go Related Gene (hERG) cha...
The human brain can rapidly represent sets of similar stimuli by their ensemble summary statistics, like the average orientation or size. Classic models assume that ensemble statistics are computed by integrat...
Staphylococcus aureus (SA) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) cause a wide variety of bacterial infections and coinfections, showing a complex interaction that involves the production of different metabolites and me...
The ability of recombinant adeno-associated virus to transduce preimplantation mouse embryos has led to the use of this delivery method for the production of genetically altered knock-in mice via CRISPR-Cas9. ...
Glioblastoma (GBM) is more difficult to treat than other intractable adult tumors. The main reason that GBM is so difficult to treat is that it is highly infiltrative. Migrasomes are newly discovered membrane ...
Fungal plant pathogens have dynamic genomes that allow them to rapidly adapt to adverse conditions and overcome host resistance. One way by which this dynamic genome plasticity is expressed is through effector...
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been confirmed to play a vital role in the occurrence and development of diseases. Exploring the relationship between circRNAs and diseases is of far-reaching significance for stu...
Hematophagous mosquitoes transmit many pathogens that cause human diseases. Pathogen acquisition and transmission occur when female mosquitoes blood feed to acquire nutrients for reproduction. The midgut epith...
Organellar ion channels are regulators of key processes of cellular homeostasis as well as being involved in diseases including cancer, neurological disorders and virus infection. Individual organelle-level el...
We have never known more about the genetic variation that characterizes life on earth, which is stored in ever-growing databases, many of which are publicly accessible. Yet, an accessible database does not mea...
Fungi are ubiquitous in most ecosystems and are at the origin of serious pathogen outbreaks in humans and crops. Investigation of pathogen genomes over the past decade led to a paradigm shift of our understanding...
The underrepresentation of Hmong-Mien (HM) people in Asian genomic studies has hindered our comprehensive understanding of the full landscape of their evolutionary history and complex trait architecture. South...
Due to interindividual variation in the cellular composition of the human cortex, it is essential that covariates that capture these differences are included in epigenome-wide association studies using bulk ti...
Understanding genome organization and evolution is important for species involved in transmission of human diseases, such as mosquitoes. Anophelinae and Culicinae subfamilies of mosquitoes show striking differ...
The mitochondria contain their own genome derived from an alphaproteobacterial endosymbiont. From thousands of protein-coding genes originally encoded by their ancestor, only between 1 and about 70 are encoded...
Mosquito borne viruses, such as dengue, Zika, yellow fever and Chikungunya, cause millions of infections every year. These viruses are mostly transmitted by two urban-adapted mosquito species, Aedes aegypti and A...
Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are the most widely used form of molecular genetic variation studies. As reference genomes and resequencing data sets expand exponentially, tools must be in place to call...
Many viruses enter host cells by hijacking endosomal trafficking. CapZ, a canonical actin capping protein, participates in endosomal trafficking, yet its precise role in endocytosis and virus infection remains...
The remarkable resistance to ionizing radiation found in anhydrobiotic organisms, such as some bacteria, tardigrades, and bdelloid rotifers has been hypothesized to be incidental to their desiccation resistanc...
Dimorphism, the ability to switch between a ‘yeast-like’ and a hyphal growth form, is an important feature of certain fungi, including important plant and human pathogens. The switch to hyphal growth is often ...
How novel phenotypes originate from conserved genes, processes, and tissues remains a major question in biology. Research that sets out to answer this question often focuses on the conserved genes and processe...
Plants adjust their growth orientations primarily in response to light and gravity signals. Considering that the gravity vector is fixed and the angle of light incidence is constantly changing, plants must som...
Mosquitoes transmit many infectious diseases that affect human health. The fungus Beauveria bassiana is a biological pesticide that is pathogenic to mosquitoes but harmless to the environment.
Precise gene targeting (GT) is a powerful tool for heritable precision genome engineering, enabling knock-in or replacement of the endogenous sequence via homologous recombination. We recently established a CR...
SARS-CoV-2 infection depends on the host cell factors angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, ACE2, and the transmembrane serinprotease 2, TMPRSS2. Potential inhibitors of these proteins would be ideal targets agains...
The common carp (Cyprinus carpio) might best represent the domesticated allopolyploid animals. Although subgenome divergence which is well-known to be a key to allopolyploid domestication has been comprehensively...
Intrinsically disordered proteins and regions (IDPs/IDRs) are functionally important proteins and regions that exist as highly dynamic conformations under natural physiological conditions. IDPs/IDRs exhibit a ...
Dysregulation of nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4) is associated with several neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders. Consequently, understanding the roles of nuclear and...
Cell senescence is a sign of aging and plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of age-related disorders. For cell therapy, senescence may compromise the quality and efficacy of cells, posing potential saf...
The scientific study of animal welfare supports evidence-based good animal care, its research contributing to guidelines and policies, helping to solve practical problems caused by animal stress, and raising f...
The last two decades have seen impressive advances in functional genomics, but we are still a long way from understanding the complexity of gene function. Here, we pose questions on how much is currently known ab...
Membrane protein research has flourished in the past 20 years. Exciting technological innovations in structural biology, including cryoEM single-particle analysis and AI-based protein structure prediction, such a...
Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and computer-aided drug design (CADD) have advanced substantially over the past two decades, thanks to continuous computer hardware and software improvements. Given these ad...
In the last few years, single cell and single nucleus RNA-sequencing technologies have been leveraged in exercised adult skeletal muscle to reveal complex cell type-specific regulation of muscle plasticity. Ex...
Recent progress in adult stem cell technology, along with interdisciplinary collaboration in the field of One Health, has accelerated the development of 3D organoid cultures in non-model animals, such as dogs....
Modeling networks for single samples can facilitate discoveries in biology that go beyond those found when analyzing an “aggregate” network, i.e., one that merges information across all the samples in an omics...
Recent findings from comparative and evolutionary physiologists reveal novel insights into the regulation of inflammation and immune function under conditions of chronic-sustained and intermittent hypoxia. Com...
Advances in genetic technology have made possible a suite of genetics-based methods for controlling pests of importance to public health, agriculture and conservation.
In dynamic scientific fields, two decades can be an eternity, with technical and conceptual advances leading to drastically changed landscapes and paradigms. Noted natural philosopher Ferris Bueller once opine...
Epigenetics has been a buzzword in science for many years, but 20 years ago, the idea that epigenetic gene regulation could be a driver in evolutionary processes was only a mischievous glint in a Lamarckian eye. ...
Identifying the key factors that underlie complex traits during domestication is a great challenge for evolutionary and biological studies. In addition to the protein-coding region differences caused by varian...
Enormous clinical and biomedical researches have demonstrated that microbes are crucial to human health. Identifying associations between microbes and diseases can not only reveal potential disease mechanisms,...
Olfactory sensory neurons detect odourants via multiple long cilia that protrude from their dendritic endings. The G protein-coupled receptor GPRC5C was identified as part of the olfactory ciliary membrane pro...
Rhabdomeric photoreceptors of eyes in the terrestrial slug Limax are the typical invertebrate-type but unique in that three visual opsins (Gq-coupled rhodopsin, xenopsin, Opn5A) and one retinochrome, all belongin...
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