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  1. 5-Methylcytosine (m5C) is a prevalent base modification in tRNA and rRNA but it also occurs more broadly in the transcriptome, including in mRNA, where it serves incompletely understood molecular functions. In pu...

    Authors: Ulrike Schumann, He-Na Zhang, Tennille Sibbritt, Anyu Pan, Attila Horvath, Simon Gross, Susan J. Clark, Li Yang and Thomas Preiss

    Citation: BMC Biology 2020 18:40

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  2. The advent of next generation sequencing (NGS) has allowed the discovery of short and long non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in an unbiased manner using reverse genetics approaches, enabling the discovery of multiple c...

    Authors: Tess Cherlin, Rogan Magee, Yi Jing, Venetia Pliatsika, Phillipe Loher and Isidore Rigoutsos

    Citation: BMC Biology 2020 18:38

    Content type: Research article

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  3. The origin of animals from their unicellular ancestor was one of the most important events in evolutionary history, but the nature and the order of events leading up to the emergence of multicellular animals a...

    Authors: Denis V. Tikhonenkov, Elisabeth Hehenberger, Anton S. Esaulov, Olga I. Belyakova, Yuri A. Mazei, Alexander P. Mylnikov and Patrick J. Keeling

    Citation: BMC Biology 2020 18:39

    Content type: Research article

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  4. Metagenomics studies leverage genomic reference databases to generate discoveries in basic science and translational research. However, current microbial studies use disparate reference databases that lack con...

    Authors: Caitlin Loeffler, Aaron Karlsberg, Lana S. Martin, Eleazar Eskin, David Koslicki and Serghei Mangul

    Citation: BMC Biology 2020 18:37

    Content type: Comment

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    The Correction to this article has been published in BMC Biology 2020 18:92

  5. Base-excision repair (BER) is a central DNA repair mechanism responsible for the maintenance of genome integrity. Accordingly, BER defects have been implicated in cancer, presumably by precipitating cellular t...

    Authors: Elena Clementi, Larissa Inglin, Erin Beebe, Corina Gsell, Zuzana Garajova and Enni Markkanen

    Citation: BMC Biology 2020 18:36

    Content type: Research article

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  6. The traditional view of protein aggregation as being strictly disease-related has been challenged by many examples of cellular aggregates that regulate beneficial biological functions. When coupled with the em...

    Authors: Giulio Chiesa, Szilvia Kiriakov and Ahmad S. Khalil

    Citation: BMC Biology 2020 18:35

    Content type: Review

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  7. The ribonuclear protein TDP-43 has been implicated in the pathophysiology of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), with genetic mutations being linked to the neurological symptoms of the disease. Though alterat...

    Authors: Nina Strah, Giulia Romano, Clelia Introna, Raffaella Klima, Marta Marzullo, Laura Ciapponi, Aram Megighian, Monica Nizzardo and Fabian Feiguin

    Citation: BMC Biology 2020 18:34

    Content type: Research article

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  8. Current therapies for multiple myeloma (MM) are associated with toxicity and resistance, highlighting the need for novel effective therapeutics. Berberine (BBR), a botanical alkaloid derived from several Berbe...

    Authors: Chunming Gu, Zhao Yin, Hong Nie, Yanjun Liu, Juhua Yang, Guiping Huang, Jianping Shen, Liguo Chen and Jia Fei

    Citation: BMC Biology 2020 18:33

    Content type: Research article

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  9. Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) plays a prominent role in promoting inflammation and resistance to DNA damaging therapy. We searched for proteins that modulate the NF-κB response as a prerequisite to identifying nov...

    Authors: Szymon J. Szymura, Giovanna M. Bernal, Longtao Wu, Zhongqin Zhang, Clayton D. Crawley, David J. Voce, Paige-Ashley Campbell, Diana E. Ranoa, Ralph R. Weichselbaum and Bakhtiar Yamini

    Citation: BMC Biology 2020 18:32

    Content type: Research article

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  10. Annotation of cell identity is an essential process in neuroscience that allows comparison of cells, including that of neural activities across different animals. In Caenorhabditis elegans, although unique identi...

    Authors: Yu Toyoshima, Stephen Wu, Manami Kanamori, Hirofumi Sato, Moon Sun Jang, Suzu Oe, Yuko Murakami, Takayuki Teramoto, Chanhyun Park, Yuishi Iwasaki, Takeshi Ishihara, Ryo Yoshida and Yuichi Iino

    Citation: BMC Biology 2020 18:30

    Content type: Methodology article

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  11. Metabolic activity alternates between high and low states during different stages of an organism’s life cycle. During the transition from growth to quiescence, a major metabolic shift often occurs from oxidati...

    Authors: Sider Penkov, Bharath Kumar Raghuraman, Cihan Erkut, Jana Oertel, Roberta Galli, Eduardo Jacobo Miranda Ackerman, Daniela Vorkel, Jean-Marc Verbavatz, Edmund Koch, Karim Fahmy, Andrej Shevchenko and Teymuras V. Kurzchalia

    Citation: BMC Biology 2020 18:31

    Content type: Research article

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  13. Phosphoinositide lipids provide spatial landmarks during polarized cell growth and migration. Yet how phosphoinositide gradients are oriented in response to extracellular cues and environmental conditions is n...

    Authors: Deike J. Omnus, Angela Cadou, Ffion B. Thomas, Jakob M. Bader, Nathaniel Soh, Gary H. C. Chung, Andrew N. Vaughan and Christopher J. Stefan

    Citation: BMC Biology 2020 18:28

    Content type: Research article

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  14. CRISPR gene drive systems allow the rapid spread of a genetic construct throughout a population. Such systems promise novel strategies for the management of vector-borne diseases and invasive species by suppre...

    Authors: Jackson Champer, Isabel K. Kim, Samuel E. Champer, Andrew G. Clark and Philipp W. Messer

    Citation: BMC Biology 2020 18:27

    Content type: Research article

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  15. Aedes aegypti is the principal mosquito vector of Zika, dengue, and yellow fever viruses. Two subspecies of Ae. aegypti exhibit phenotypic divergence with regard to habitat, host preference, and vectorial capacit...

    Authors: Seth N. Redmond, Atashi Sharma, Igor Sharakhov, Zhijian Tu, Maria Sharakhova and Daniel E. Neafsey

    Citation: BMC Biology 2020 18:26

    Content type: Research article

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  17. Thousands of mammalian promoters are defined by co-enrichment of the histone tail modifications H3K27me3 (repressive) and H3K4me3 (activating) and are thus termed bivalent. It was previously observed that biva...

    Authors: Donnchadh S. Dunican, Heidi K. Mjoseng, Leanne Duthie, Ilya M. Flyamer, Wendy A. Bickmore and Richard R. Meehan

    Citation: BMC Biology 2020 18:25

    Content type: Research article

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  18. Contaminant DNA is a well-known confounding factor in molecular biology and in genomic repositories. Strikingly, analysis workflows for whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data commonly do not account for errors pot...

    Authors: Galo A. Goig, Silvia Blanco, Alberto L. Garcia-Basteiro and Iñaki Comas

    Citation: BMC Biology 2020 18:24

    Content type: Research article

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  19. The Euglenozoa are a protist group with an especially rich history of evolutionary diversity. They include diplonemids, representing arguably the most species-rich clade of marine planktonic eukaryotes; trypan...

    Authors: Anzhelika Butenko, Fred R. Opperdoes, Olga Flegontova, Aleš Horák, Vladimír Hampl, Patrick Keeling, Ryan M. R. Gawryluk, Denis Tikhonenkov, Pavel Flegontov and Julius Lukeš

    Citation: BMC Biology 2020 18:23

    Content type: Research article

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  20. Comparative analyses have indicated that the mitochondrion of the last eukaryotic common ancestor likely possessed all the key core structures and functions that are widely conserved throughout the domain Euca...

    Authors: Michael W. Gray, Gertraud Burger, Romain Derelle, Vladimír Klimeš, Michelle M. Leger, Matt Sarrasin, Čestmír Vlček, Andrew J. Roger, Marek Eliáš and B. Franz Lang

    Citation: BMC Biology 2020 18:22

    Content type: Research article

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  21. Recent developments within micro-computed tomography (μCT) imaging have combined to extend our capacity to image tissue in three (3D) and four (4D) dimensions at micron and sub-micron spatial resolutions, open...

    Authors: Shelley D. Rawson, Jekaterina Maksimcuka, Philip J. Withers and Sarah H. Cartmell

    Citation: BMC Biology 2020 18:21

    Content type: Review

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  22. The lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) acts as a cellular Ca2+ store and a site for oxidative protein folding, which is controlled by the reduced glutathione (GSH) and glutathione-disulfide (GSSG) redox pair...

    Authors: Beáta Lizák, Julia Birk, Melinda Zana, Gergely Kosztyi, Denise V. Kratschmar, Alex Odermatt, Richard Zimmermann, Miklós Geiszt, Christian Appenzeller-Herzog and Gábor Bánhegyi

    Citation: BMC Biology 2020 18:19

    Content type: Research article

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  23. Monogenic protein aggregation diseases, in addition to cell selectivity, exhibit clinical variation in the age of onset and progression, driven in part by inter-individual genetic variation. While natural gene...

    Authors: J. Alexander-Floyd, S. Haroon, M. Ying, A. A. Entezari, C. Jaeger, M. Vermulst and T. Gidalevitz

    Citation: BMC Biology 2020 18:18

    Content type: Research article

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  24. The Afrikaner population of South Africa is the descendants of European colonists who started to colonize the Cape of Good Hope in the 1600s. In the early days of the colony, mixed unions between European male...

    Authors: N. Hollfelder, J. C. Erasmus, R. Hammaren, M. Vicente, M. Jakobsson, J. M. Greeff and C. M. Schlebusch

    Citation: BMC Biology 2020 18:16

    Content type: Research article

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  25. In insects, continuous growth requires the periodic replacement of the exoskeleton. Once the remains of the exoskeleton from the previous stage have been shed during ecdysis, the new one is rapidly sclerotized...

    Authors: Justin Flaven-Pouchon, Javier V. Alvarez, Candy Rojas and John Ewer

    Citation: BMC Biology 2020 18:17

    Content type: Research article

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  26. In fly brains, the Drosophila Adar (adenosine deaminase acting on RNA) enzyme edits hundreds of transcripts to generate edited isoforms of encoded proteins. Nearly all editing events are absent or less efficient ...

    Authors: Anzer Khan, Simona Paro, Leeanne McGurk, Nagraj Sambrani, Marion C. Hogg, James Brindle, Giuseppa Pennetta, Liam P. Keegan and Mary A. O’Connell

    Citation: BMC Biology 2020 18:15

    Content type: Research article

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  27. The Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) is a popular domestic poultry species and an increasingly significant model species in avian developmental, behavioural and disease research.

    Authors: Katrina M. Morris, Matthew M. Hindle, Simon Boitard, David W. Burt, Angela F. Danner, Lel Eory, Heather L. Forrest, David Gourichon, Jerome Gros, LaDeana W. Hillier, Thierry Jaffredo, Hanane Khoury, Rusty Lansford, Christine Leterrier, Andrew Loudon, Andrew S. Mason…

    Citation: BMC Biology 2020 18:14

    Content type: Research article

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  28. Hybridisation and introgression play key roles in the evolutionary history of animal species. They are commonly observed within several orders in wild birds. The domestic chicken Gallus gallus domesticus is the m...

    Authors: Raman Akinyanju Lawal, Simon H. Martin, Koen Vanmechelen, Addie Vereijken, Pradeepa Silva, Raed Mahmoud Al-Atiyat, Riyadh Salah Aljumaah, Joram M. Mwacharo, Dong-Dong Wu, Ya-Ping Zhang, Paul M. Hocking, Jacqueline Smith, David Wragg and Olivier Hanotte

    Citation: BMC Biology 2020 18:13

    Content type: Research article

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  29. The gene content of a species largely governs its ecological interactions and adaptive potential. A species is therefore defined by both core genes shared between all individuals and accessory genes segregatin...

    Authors: Thomas Badet, Ursula Oggenfuss, Leen Abraham, Bruce A. McDonald and Daniel Croll

    Citation: BMC Biology 2020 18:12

    Content type: Research article

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  30. The invasive benthic round goby (Neogobius melanostomus) is the most successful temperate invasive fish and has spread in aquatic ecosystems on both sides of the Atlantic. Invasive species constitute powerful in ...

    Authors: Irene Adrian-Kalchhauser, Anders Blomberg, Tomas Larsson, Zuzana Musilova, Claire R. Peart, Martin Pippel, Monica Hongroe Solbakken, Jaanus Suurväli, Jean-Claude Walser, Joanna Yvonne Wilson, Magnus Alm Rosenblad, Demian Burguera, Silvia Gutnik, Nico Michiels, Mats Töpel, Kirill Pankov…

    Citation: BMC Biology 2020 18:11

    Content type: Research article

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  31. The molecular chaperone TRAP1, the mitochondrial isoform of cytosolic HSP90, remains poorly understood with respect to its pivotal role in the regulation of mitochondrial metabolism. Most studies have found it...

    Authors: Abhinav Joshi, Li Dai, Yanxin Liu, Jungsoon Lee, Nastaran Mohammadi Ghahhari, Gregory Segala, Kristin Beebe, Lisa M. Jenkins, Gaelyn C. Lyons, Lilia Bernasconi, Francis T. F. Tsai, David A. Agard, Len Neckers and Didier Picard

    Citation: BMC Biology 2020 18:10

    Content type: Research article

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  32. It has been hypothesized that heteromers of adenosine A2A receptors (A2AR) and cannabinoid CB1 receptors (CB1R) localized in glutamatergic nerve terminals mediate the integration of adenosine and endocannabinoid ...

    Authors: Attila Köfalvi, Estefanía Moreno, Arnau Cordomí, Ning-Sheng Cai, Victor Fernández-Dueñas, Samira G. Ferreira, Ramón Guixà-González, Marta Sánchez-Soto, Hideaki Yano, Verònica Casadó-Anguera, Rodrigo A. Cunha, Ana Maria Sebastião, Francisco Ciruela, Leonardo Pardo, Vicent Casadó and Sergi Ferré

    Citation: BMC Biology 2020 18:9

    Content type: Research article

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  33. Two-pore channels (TPCs) release Ca2+ from acidic intracellular stores and are implicated in a number of diseases, but their role in development is unclear. The social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum proliferates...

    Authors: Fu-Sheng Chang, Yuntao Wang, Phillip Dmitriev, Julian Gross, Antony Galione and Catherine Pears

    Citation: BMC Biology 2020 18:8

    Content type: Research article

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  34. Abnormal accumulation of amyloid β1–42 oligomers (AβO1–42), a hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease, impairs hippocampal theta-nested gamma oscillations and long-term potentiation (LTP) that are believed to underlie le...

    Authors: Kyerl Park, Jaedong Lee, Hyun Jae Jang, Blake A. Richards, Michael M. Kohl and Jeehyun Kwag

    Citation: BMC Biology 2020 18:7

    Content type: Research article

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  35. Adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing is a process that contributes to the diversification of proteins that has been shown to be essential for neurotransmission and other neuronal functions. However, the s...

    Authors: Elin Lundin, Chenglin Wu, Albin Widmark, Mikaela Behm, Jens Hjerling-Leffler, Chammiran Daniel, Marie Öhman and Mats Nilsson

    Citation: BMC Biology 2020 18:6

    Content type: Methodology article

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  36. In the high-resolution microscopy era, genetic code expansion (GCE)-based bioorthogonal labeling offers an elegant way for direct labeling of proteins in live cells with fluorescent dyes. This labeling approac...

    Authors: Inbar Segal, Dikla Nachmias, Andres Konig, Ariel Alon, Eyal Arbely and Natalie Elia

    Citation: BMC Biology 2020 18:5

    Content type: Methodology article

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  37. Upon publication of the original article [1], it was noticed that Alexandra Z. Worden’s affiliation is not complete. The full affiliation information for Alexandra Z. Worden is can be found below and in the co...

    Authors: Sunjoo Joo, Ming Hsiu Wang, Gary Lui, Jenny Lee, Andrew Barnas, Eunsoo Kim, Sebastian Sudek, Alexandra Z. Worden and Jae-Hyeok Lee

    Citation: BMC Biology 2020 18:4

    Content type: Correction

    Published on:

    The original article was published in BMC Biology 2018 16:136

  38. The lion (Panthera leo) is one of the most popular and iconic feline species on the planet, yet in spite of its popularity, the last century has seen massive declines for lion populations worldwide. Genomic resou...

    Authors: Ellie E. Armstrong, Ryan W. Taylor, Danny E. Miller, Christopher B. Kaelin, Gregory S. Barsh, Elizabeth A. Hadly and Dmitri Petrov

    Citation: BMC Biology 2020 18:3

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  39. The mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC) plays a central role in energy metabolism by transporting pyruvate across the inner mitochondrial membrane. Its heterodimeric composition and homology to SWEET and semi...

    Authors: Heike Rampelt, Iva Sucec, Beate Bersch, Patrick Horten, Inge Perschil, Jean-Claude Martinou, Martin van der Laan, Nils Wiedemann, Paul Schanda and Nikolaus Pfanner

    Citation: BMC Biology 2020 18:2

    Content type: Research article

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  40. New sequencing technologies have lowered financial barriers to whole genome sequencing, but resulting assemblies are often fragmented and far from ‘finished’. Updating multi-scaffold drafts to chromosome-level...

    Authors: Robert M. Waterhouse, Sergey Aganezov, Yoann Anselmetti, Jiyoung Lee, Livio Ruzzante, Maarten J. M. F. Reijnders, Romain Feron, Sèverine Bérard, Phillip George, Matthew W. Hahn, Paul I. Howell, Maryam Kamali, Sergey Koren, Daniel Lawson, Gareth Maslen, Ashley Peery…

    Citation: BMC Biology 2020 18:1

    Content type: Research article

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  41. Comparative genomics studies are central in identifying the coding and non-coding elements associated with complex traits, and the functional annotation of genomes is a critical step to decipher the genotype-t...

    Authors: Sylvain Foissac, Sarah Djebali, Kylie Munyard, Nathalie Vialaneix, Andrea Rau, Kevin Muret, Diane Esquerré, Matthias Zytnicki, Thomas Derrien, Philippe Bardou, Fany Blanc, Cédric Cabau, Elisa Crisci, Sophie Dhorne-Pollet, Françoise Drouet, Thomas Faraut…

    Citation: BMC Biology 2019 17:108

    Content type: Research Article

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  42. The oculomotor integrator (OI) in the vertebrate hindbrain transforms eye velocity input into persistent position coding output, which plays a crucial role in retinal image stability. For a mechanistic underst...

    Authors: Christian Brysch, Claire Leyden and Aristides B. Arrenberg

    Citation: BMC Biology 2019 17:110

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  43. Viruses of Archaea and Bacteria are among the most abundant and diverse biological entities on Earth. Unraveling their biodiversity has been challenging due to methodological limitations. Recent advances in cultu...

    Authors: F. H. Coutinho, R. A. Edwards and F. Rodríguez-Valera

    Citation: BMC Biology 2019 17:109

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  44. The classic central dogma in biology is the information flow from DNA to mRNA to protein, yet complicated regulatory mechanisms underlying protein translation often lead to weak correlations between mRNA and p...

    Authors: Hongyang Li, Omer Siddiqui, Hongjiu Zhang and Yuanfang Guan

    Citation: BMC Biology 2019 17:107

    Content type: Methodology article

    Published on:

  45. The early-life microbiota exerts a profound and lifelong impact on host health. Longitudinal studies in humans have been informative but are mostly based on the analysis of fecal samples and cannot shed direct...

    Authors: Hongbin Liu, Xiangfang Zeng, Guolong Zhang, Chengli Hou, Ning Li, Haitao Yu, Lijun Shang, Xiaoya Zhang, Paolo Trevisi, Feiyun Yang, Zuohua Liu and Shiyan Qiao

    Citation: BMC Biology 2019 17:106

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  46. Single nucleotide substitutions in protein-coding genes can be divided into synonymous (S), with little fitness effect, and non-synonymous (N) ones that alter amino acids and thus generally have a greater effe...

    Authors: Frida Belinky, Itamar Sela, Igor B. Rogozin and Eugene V. Koonin

    Citation: BMC Biology 2019 17:105

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  47. Polarity is necessary for epithelial cells to perform distinct functions at their apical and basal surfaces. Oral epithelial cell-derived ameloblasts at secretory stage (SABs) synthesize large amounts of ename...

    Authors: Yan Zhang, Liwei Zheng, Michael Le, Yukiko Nakano, Barry Chan, Yulei Huang, Parisa Moravedje Torbaty, Yoshinori Kohwi, Ralph Marcucio, Stefan Habelitz, Pamela K. Den Besten and Terumi Kohwi-Shigematsu

    Citation: BMC Biology 2019 17:104

    Content type: Research article

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  48. Videographic material of animals can contain inapparent signals, such as color changes or motion that hold information about physiological functions, such as heart and respiration rate, pulse wave velocity, an...

    Authors: Henrik Lauridsen, Selina Gonzales, Daniela Hedwig, Kathryn L. Perrin, Catherine J. A. Williams, Peter H. Wrege, Mads F. Bertelsen, Michael Pedersen and Jonathan T. Butcher

    Citation: BMC Biology 2019 17:103

    Content type: Methodology article

    Published on:

  49. The detrimental effects of a short bout of stress can persist and potentially turn lethal, long after the return to normal conditions. Thermotolerance, which is the capacity of an organism to withstand relativ...

    Authors: Katharina Jovic, Jacopo Grilli, Mark G. Sterken, Basten L. Snoek, Joost A. G. Riksen, Stefano Allesina and Jan E. Kammenga

    Citation: BMC Biology 2019 17:102

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  50. Translation of an mRNA in eukaryotes starts at an AUG codon in most cases, but near-cognate codons (NCCs) such as UUG, ACG, and AUU can also be used as start sites at low levels in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Initi...

    Authors: Shardul D. Kulkarni, Fujun Zhou, Neelam Dabas Sen, Hongen Zhang, Alan G. Hinnebusch and Jon R. Lorsch

    Citation: BMC Biology 2019 17:101

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

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